All about healthy sleep
All-Russian Olympiad for Schoolchildren in Biology.
municipal stage
2015-2016 academic year
7th grade
1. Part I You are offered test tasks that require you to select only one answer
out of four possible. The maximum number of points that can be scored is 20
(1 point for each test task).
1. Organisms whose cells have a cell wall and a nucleoid belong to the kingdom
a) animals b) plants c) bacteria d) fungi
2. Rhizoids are typical for:
a) sphagnum b) spirogyra c) kelp d) water lily
a) influenza and plague b) plague and cholera c) dysentery and smallpox d) cholera and dysentery
4) Mushrooms, like animals,
a) lead an attached lifestyle b) heterotrophic organisms
c) reproduce vegetatively d) reproduce by spores
5. The light-sensitive eye is characteristic for
a) common amoeba b) sugar kelp c) malarial plasmodium
d) snow chlamydomonas
6. Hermaphroditism is not typical for
a) milky white planaria b) liver fluke c) sugar beet nematode
d) wide ribbon
7. Name of the group of organisms corresponding to the class
a) chordates b) dicots c) nightshade d) bacteria
8. The educational tissue of plants includes
a) xylem b) phloem c) skin d) cambium
9. The smallest flowering plant
a) colza b) duckweed c) chickweed d) Wolffia
10. Venice stands on piles of
a) larch b) chestnut c) pine d) oak
11. The science of plant compatibility is called
a) ecology b) phytogeography c) allelopathy d) floristry
12. Animals of the Protozoa type do not have
a) metabolism b) organelles c) tissues d) exchange of genetic information
13. Specify the correct characteristic of the type Intestinal
a) herbivorous animals b) all lead an attached lifestyle
c) attack and defend with stinging cells
d) the nervous system is represented by a nerve chain
14. One of the most important features of the Type Arthropods is
a) open circulatory system b) living in the above-ground-air environment
c) chitinous integuments of the body and body structure d) gill breathing
15. Give an example of mimicry in animals
a) non-poisonous flies are similar to wasps and bumblebees b) the bright color of the snake
c) adopting a threatening posture d) coloring of a zebra
16. Blood sucked by a leech remains fresh in its intestines for
a) 1 year b) 1.5 years c) 2 years d) 0.5 years
17. The main owner of the bull tapeworm
a) large cattle b) sheep c) fish d) man
18. Infection with dysentery occurs:
a) throughinsect bite, carrier of the disease;
b) when eating poorly fried meat of a sick animal;
c) by airborne droplets;
d) when swallowing cysts of dysenteric amoeba with food or water.
19. The belt on the body of the earthworm takes part in:
a) movement; b) mating; c) nutrition; d) regeneration.
20. Closed circulatory system have
a) roundworms b) annelids
c) arthropods d) molluscs
Part II. You are offered test tasks with one answer option out of four
possible, but requiring prior multiple choice. Maximum
the number of points that can be scored is 10 (2 points for each test task).
1. Common amoeba forms a cyst due to the fact that
1) she starts dividing
2) increase the amount of food
3) there is not enough oxygen in the aquatic environment
4) the reservoir in which it lives dries up
5) substances harmful to it are found in the water
6) the number of organisms that eat it has increased
A) 1,3,4
B) 2,3,4
B) 1,4,5
D) 3,4,5
2. Reproduce asexually
1) amoeba 2) angiosperms 3) roundworms 4) flatworms
5) coelenterates 6) molluscs
A) 1.2.5
B) 1,4,6
B) 2,3,5
D) 3,4,5
3. Signs of animals:
1) release oxygen 2) form organic substances from inorganic
3) storage substance of cells - glycogen 4) release carbon dioxide
5) most actively move in space 6) there are conductive tissues
A) 2,3,6
B) 1,3,4
B) 3,4,5,
D) 4,5,6
4. Features of fertilization of angiosperms is
1) the participation of one sperm 2) the participation of two sperm 3) the egg is fertilized by one sperm 4) the eggs develop in female cones 5) the eggs develop in the ovules
A) 1,4,5
B) 2,3,5
B) 1,3,4
D) 1,3,5
5. Ferns, like mosses,
1) are higher spore plants
2) have vegetative and generative organs (flowers, fruits)
3) are perennials
4) in the process of photosynthesis they form organic substances and
inorganic
5) do not need water during reproduction and development
6) do not contain chloroplasts and mitochondria in cells
A) 1,2,3
B) 1,3,5
B) 1,4,5
D) 1,3,4
Part 3. You are offered test tasks in the form of judgments, with each of which you must either agree or reject. In the response matrix, indicate the answer option "yes" or "no". The maximum number of points that can be scored is 10 (1 point for each test task).
1. The only chromosome of bacteria is located directly in the cytoplasm.
2. Algae rhizoids serve to form minerals and fix in the soil.
3. All fungi are heterotrophic organisms.
4. Adventitious roots depart from the main root
5. A gametophyte develops from a fern spore.
6. Animals that are well protected from predators have bright colors.
9. With the appearance of the mesoderm, the formation is associated nervous system
10. The circulatory system of roundworms is open.
Part 4. You are offered a test task that requires compliance. The maximum number of points that can be scored is 8. Fill in the matrices
answers in accordance with the requirements of the tasks.
Plant
Fruit names
A) rank
B) rice
B) oats
D) tomato
D) potatoes
E) peas
AND) currant
H) cranberries
1) berry
2) grain
3) bob
7th grade [ max 48 points]
Part 1 [20 points]:
1-10
11-20
Part 2 [10 points]:
Part 3 [10 points]:
YES
NO
Part 4 [8 points]:
plants
A
B
IN
G
D
E
AND
Z
Name
fruits
3
2
2
1
1
3
1
1
Response Matrix 7th grade
Part 1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1-10
11-20
Part 2
1
2
3
4
5
Part 3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
YES
NO
Part 4
plants
A
B
IN
G
D
E
AND
Z
Name
fruits
3
2
2
1
1
3
1
1
TASKS
of the municipal stage of the All-Russian Olympiad for Schoolchildren in Biology
2017-2018 academic year
6th grade
Dear Guys!
Congratulations on your participation in the municipal stage of the All-Russian Olympiad for schoolchildren in biology! When answering questions and completing tasks, do not rush, as the answers are not always obvious and require the use of not only biological knowledge, but also general erudition, logic and creativity. Good luck in your work!
Part 1. You are offered test tasks that require the choice of only one answer out of four possible. The maximum number of points that can be scored is 20 (1 point for each test item). The index of the answer that you think is correct, indicate in the answer matrix.
1. Botany is the science that studies the kingdom:
A) mushrooms
B) Animals
B) plants
D) bacteria
2. A shrub is a plant that has:
A) One lignified trunk
B) Several lignified trunks
B) One herbaceous stem
D) Several herbaceous stems
3. Biennial plants include:
A) carrots
B) cucumber
4. Name the cell organelles that are characteristic only for plants:
A) mitochondria
B) Ribosomes
B) chloroplasts
D) Vacuoles
5. The cellular structure has semi-permeability:
A) mitochondria
B) vacuole
D) Cytoplasmic membrane
6. Name the structure of the cell in which the chromosomes are located:
A) chloroplast
B) mitochondria
D) Vacuole
7. In places of active growth of the plant there are tissues:
A) educational
B) coverslips
B) mechanical
D) Basic
8. Name the plant organs related to the vegetative organs:
A) flowers, fruits, seeds
B) Roots and shoots
B) flowers and shoots
D) All of the above
9. The picture shows internal structure grains of wheat. The number 5 on it indicates:
A) cotyledons
B) Endosperm
B) peel
D) Embryo
10. The root hair performs the following function:
A) suction
B) protective
B) covers
D) conductive
11. Rod root system typical for:
A) sunflower
B) wheat
D) plantain
12. Name a flowering plant that forms roots:
A) potatoes
B) Dahlia
B) beets
13. The body of the algae is called:
A) mycelium
B) fruiting body
B) thallus
D) escape
14. The bacteria shown in the figure belong to the group:
A) bacilli
B) Spirilla
D) Vibrios
15. Chlorophyll-bearing bacteria are:
A) nodules
B) Soil
B) lactic acid
D) cyanobacteria
16. Mushroom cells lack:
A) lysosomes
B) Mitochondria
B) plastids
D) Vacuoles
17. Mushrooms that do not form a mycelium are:
A) moldy
B) Predatory
D) Yeast
18. Reindeer moss refers to:
A) lichens
B) mosquitoes
D) horsetail
19. Lichens are organisms that are symbiosis:
A) virus and fungus
B) Algae and bacteria
B) fungus and algae
D) bacteria and viruses
20. The simplest does NOT include:
A) infusoria
B) Radiolaria
B) cladonia
D) Foraminifera
Part 2. You are offered test tasks in the form of judgments, with each of which you must either agree or reject. In the response matrix, indicate the answer option "yes" or "no". The maximum number of points that can be scored is 10 (1 point for each test task).
1. Bacteria can be unicellular or multicellular organisms.
2. The root of plants performs only a conductive function.
3. The plant organism is formed only by living cells.
4. Plants are characterized by unlimited growth.
6. Animals are autotrophs.
7. Spruce crossbill hatches chicks in the middle of winter.
8. Viruses are single-celled organisms.
9. The basic and smallest unit of classification is the species.
10. Black-headed tit and Brown-headed tit are different types tits
Part 3 You are offered text with missing terms. When completing the task, insert the missing terms from the proposed list into the text, using digital symbols for this. Write the numbers of the selected answers in the text, and then write the resulting sequence of numbers (in the text) into the answer matrix. The maximum number of points that can be scored is 4 (1 point for each missed term).
Plastids are colored and colorless. Green color plants is due to the presence of green plastids in their cells - _____ (A). These plastids contain a green pigment - _____ (B), with the help of which plant cells capture solar energy and create organic substances. Colorless plastids are called _____ (B). They store spare nutrients. Red-orange plastids are called _____ (D). They are found in flowers and fruits.
List of terms:
1. Xanthophyll
2. Leukoplasts
3. Starch
4. Chlorophyll
5. Chromoplasts
6. Lycopene
7. Anthocyanin
8. Chloroplasts
Part 4 You are offered a drawing of a cross section of one of the organs of the plant. Look at the picture carefully and answer the questions. Answers (word, phrase, numbers) write down in the matrix of answers. The maximum number of points that can be scored is 6 (1 point for each answer).
1. What plant organ is shown in the picture? 
2. What is the name of the zone indicated by the number 4?
3. What is the name of the outgrowth of the outer cell of this zone?
4. What plant tissue is located in the zone indicated by the number 1?
5. What protects the cells of the division zone from damage?
6. What number in the figure indicates the growth zone?
ANSWER MATRIX
for the tasks of the municipal stage of the All-Russian Olympiad for schoolchildren in biology
2017-2018 academic year
6th grade
The maximum number of points is 40
Part 1 (max. 20 points - 1 point for each correct answer). Total: _____
Part 2 (max. 10 points - 1 point for each correct answer). Total: _____
Part 3 (max. 4 points - 1 point for each correct answer). Total: _____
Part 4 (6 points - 1 point for each correct answer). Total: _____
Checked by ____________________ / ______________________________
Tasks for the municipal stage of the All-Russian Olympiad for schoolchildren
in biology in 2015/2016 academic year
Grade 11
Part I You are offered test tasks that require the choice of only one answer out of four possible. The maximum number of points that can be scored is 60 (1 point for each test item). The index of the answer that you consider the most complete and correct, indicate in the answer matrix.
- You can study the three-dimensional surface of a cell using the method:
a) scanning electron microscopy;
b) transmission electron microscopy;
c) ultraviolet microscopy;
G)interference microscopy. - The subcellular level of organization of living matter is:
a) organoid
b) molecular species;
c) cellular;
d) tissue.
- A molecule whose functional activity depends on the presence of magnesium ions in it:
a) hemoglobin;
b) insulin;
c) chlorophyll;
d) thyroxine. - When the pH in the cell decreases against the norm, reactions aimed at its restoration are activated:
a) HCO 3 - \u003d CO 3 -2 + H +
b) H 2 RO 3 - \u003d HPO 3 -2 + H +
c) HCO 3 - + H + \u003d H 2 CO 3
d) H + + OH - \u003d H 2 O
- In test tubes with H 2 ABOUT 2 placed pieces of bread, carrots, eggs, boiled meat. Oxygen was released in a test tube with:
a) sausage
b) bread;
c) carrots;
d) an egg.
- The cell is the unit of development of all organisms. This position was formulated:
a) R. Virchow
b) K. Baer
c) T. Schwan
d) M. Schleiden
- Ultramicroscopic cell organelles:
a) cell center, microtubules
b) ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum
c) lysosomes, mitochondria
d) neurofibrils, myofibrils - Symbiont organelles of eukaryotic cells are:
a) Golgi complex, chromoplasts
b) mitochondria, leukoplasts
c) ribosomes, cell center
d) plastids, lysosomes
- In the process of spiralization, the chromatids thicken into:
a) 500 times
b) 1000 times
c) 1500 times
d) 2000 times
- In the process of virus reproduction, the following sequence of stages has been established:
a) adsorption - injection - lysis - replication - self-organization;
b) adsorption - lysis - injection - replication - self-organization;
c) injection - lysis - replication - self-organization - adsorption;
d) adsorption - injection - replication - self-organization - lysis. - The intensity of photosynthesis processes to a greater extent depends on the energy of light rays:
a) red and blue
b) yellow and green
c) green and red
d) blue and purple - The relationship between plastic and energy metabolism is that:
a) plastic metabolism supplies organic substances for energy
b) energy exchange supplies oxygen for plastic
c) plastic metabolism supplies minerals for energy
d) plastic exchange supplies ATP molecules for energy - The chemotropic type of nutrition was discovered:
a) D.I. Ivanovsky
b) S.N. Vinogradsky
c) K.A. Timiryazev
d) N.I. Vavilov.+
- Hydrogen source for CO reduction
2
during photosynthesis is:
a) water
b) oligosaccharides
c) polysaccharides
G) monoses.
- The oxidation of pyruvic acid with the release of energy occurs in:
a) ribosomes
b) nucleolus;
c) lysosomes;
d) mitochondria. - Transcription of genetic information from the RNA of the virus to the DNA of the host cell is provided by:
a) polymerase;
b) DNA polymerase
c) revertase
d) nuclease - The growth of cereals in length occurs due to division and growth:
a) cells of the lateral meristem;
b) cells of the apical meristem;
c) intercalary meristem;
G)stem base cells. - The level of biological organization of the plant stem:
a) cellular;
b) tissue;
c) organ;
d) organism. - Club moss gametophyte:
A) capable of photosynthesis
b) capable of chemosynthesis
c) has chlorophyll
d) colorless.
- The main factor determining the decrease in metabolism in free-living forms of protozoa in the cyst state is:
a) changes in environmental conditions;
b) deterioration of oxygen access;
c) dehydration;
d) termination of the process of nutrition. - Roundworms, compared to Flatworms, have:
a) sexual dimorphism;
b) excretory system;
c) secondary cavity;
d) the nervous system. - Leeches are representatives of biocenoses in the following conditions:
a) fresh water;
b) sea waters;
c) sushi;
d) all specified habitats. - Scorpions and Cancers include:
a) to one group;
b) different detachments of the same class;
c) different classes of the same type;
d) different types. - For silver carp, the process is characteristic:
a) haploid parthenogenesis;
b) diploid parthenogenesis;
c) androgenesis;
d) gynogenesis. - In reptiles, unlike amphibians:
a) unstable body temperature;
b) only the right aortic arch;
c) only the left aortic arch;
d) pelvic kidneys. - The supporting function in the human body is performed by tissue:
a) epithelial;
b) nervous;
c) muscular;
d) connecting. - A person with anemia has:
a) increased blood sugar;
b) immunodeficiency;
c) decrease in the number of erythrocytes;
d) an increase in blood cholesterol.
- A complex polysaccharide that is a reserve nutrient mushrooms are:
a) starch;
b) glycogen;
c) heparin;
d) glycolipid. - The morphofunctional unit of the pelvic kidneys is:
a) nephron;
b) protonephridia;
c) metanephridia;
d) nephridia. - In the process of breathing in humans, the minimum partial pressure O
2
seen in:
a) alveolar air;
b) in tissues;
c) composition of venous blood;
d) in the composition of arterial blood. . - At infectious diseases high doses of vitamin C are needed because it:
a) destroys the poisons of infectious agents;
b) is necessary for the synthesis of anti-inflammatory hormones;
c) is part of antibodies;
d) improves blood circulation. - In humans, cobalt deficiency causes deficit :
a) B1
b) B2;
c) B6
d) B12
- IN life cycle in sphagnum prevails:
a) bisexual gametophyte;
b) dioecious gametophyte;
c) bisexual sporophyte;
d) dioecious sporophyte. - A necessary condition for the sustainable development of the biosphere is :
a) reduction in the number of heterotrophs;
b) creation of agrocenoses;
c) protection of rare and endangered species;
d) development of production taking into account environmental laws.
- The use of living organisms and their biological processes underlies:
a) cell engineering;
b) cellular technologies;
c) genetic engineering;
d) biotechnology.
- The strain of microorganisms should be considered as:
a) one family
b) one genus;
c) natural populations;
d) artificial populations. - The action of only social factors can explain the occurrence in a person:
a) the occurrence of diaphragmatic breathing;
b) arch of the foot;
c) curvature of the spine;
d) the second signal system. - The ancestors of chordates are:
a) annelids;
b) flatworms
c) roundworms;
d) skullless. - For chordates, body symmetry is characteristic:
a) spherical
b) radial
c) bilateral
d) asymmetry - The presence of a variety of insect orders should be considered as an example:
a) homology;
b) parallelism;
c) convergence;
d) divergence. - Hymenoptera insects are characterized by:
a) artificial parthenogenesis;
b) cyclic parthenogenesis;
c) optional;
d) obligate. - The basis of the formation of organs in a multicellular organism is the process:
a) meiosis;
b) mitosis; +
c) fertilization;
d) conjugation - The external skeleton is the main feature:
a) chordates;
b) arthropods;
c) shellfish;
d) intestinal. - In reptiles compared to other vertebrates:
a) one aortic arch;
b) two aortic arches
c) only the left aortic arch;
d) only the right aortic arch.
- In one reservoir live - crucian carp, ruff, pike, carp, and in the other - roach, perch, pike, gudgeon. The number of fish populations that make up the third trophic level of the two lakes:
a) 4;
b) 2;
at 3;
d) 5. - Specify the scientist whose discovery revealed the cosmic role of plants:
a) S.G. Navashin;
b) K.A. Timiryazev;
view. Chistyakov;
d) J. Priestley. - Synthesis of polysaccharides occurs:
a) in the grana's thylakoid;
b) in the stroma of the chloroplast;
c) on the inner surface of the thylakoid;
d) on the outer surface of the thylakoid.
- The similarity of mitochondria and chloroplasts is that they have:
a) oxidation of organic substances;
b) protein synthesis;
c) single-membrane organelles;
d) reduction of carbon dioxide. - Matrix synthesis reactions include:
a) polymerization reaction;
b) lipid synthesis;
c) t-RNA synthesis;
d) the formation of macroergic bonds. - Lactic acid is produced in eukaryotes by:
a) in preparation
b) in the process of anaerobic respiration;
c) in the process of aerobic respiration;
d) with oxygen deficiency. - Name the scientist whose discovery showed that the cell is the unit of reproduction:
a) R. Virchow;
b) R. Brown;
c) K. Baer;
d) T. Schwann - ABOUT
the bottom of the chromatid is the structure of the hereditary apparatus, consisting of:
a) nucleotides;
b) chains of nucleotides;
c) DNA molecules;
d) DNP molecules. - The species specificity of DNA molecules indicates:
a) about the role of DNA in the storage and implementation of hereditary information;
b) about the double-stranded helical structure of DNA;
c) about the identity of the DNA composition in individuals of the same species.
d) the presence of DNA in the cells of all individuals of the species. - The integrity of the genotype is
result :
a) gene interactions
b) evolutionary development+
c) driving selection
d) combinative variability - Improving milk production in cows by improving diet is an example of variability:
a) mutational
b) combinative
c) modification
d) relative. - The frequency of linkage disorder between genes depends on:
a) chromatid structures
b) the number of clutch groups
c) adhesion forces between genes
d) environmental factors - The reason for the manifestation of gigantism in humans:
a) modification variability;
b) gene mutation;
c) genomic mutation;
d) chromosomal mutation;
- Inbreeding is used to produce offspring:
a) resilient
b) hybrid
c) heterozygous
d) homozygous
- Earlobe hairiness is inherited in humans:
a) regardless of gender
b) linked to the X chromosome;
V) linked to the Y chromosome
d) according to the type of complementary interaction - Specify the genotype of an organism that is both heterozygous and hemizygous:
a) AaBv;
b) aaX V Y;
c) AaX B X in;
d) AaH V U.
Part II. You are offered test tasks with one answer option out of four possible, but requiring a preliminary multiple choice. The maximum number of points that can be scored is 30 (2 points for each test task). The index of the answer that you consider the most complete and correct, indicate in the answer matrix.
- The process of transpiration in plants:
I . increases turgor in leaf cells
II
. provides a downward flow of substances
III
. protects the plant from overheating
IV
. promotes absorption of water by the roots
V
. increases osmotic pressure in leaves
a) II, IV;
b) I, IV, V;
c) II, III, V;
d) III, IV, V.
- Features of the genetic criterion of the species are:
I . number of chromosomes in gametes
II . qualitative features of the karyotype
III . sequence of nucleotides in DNA molecules
IV . ratio of purine and pyrimidine bases
V . ploidy of the hereditary apparatus
a) II, IV;
b) I, IV, V;
c) I, II, IV;
d) II, III, IV, V. - Mechanisms for the formation of combinative variability:
I . chromosomal decussation
II . mutagenesis
III
. allelic gene exchange
IV
. insemination process
V
. fertilization process
a) I, II, III, V
b) I, II, IV
c) I, III, V
d) II, IV, V.
- In the evolutionary aspect, grasses are the most progressive group of flowering plants, since they are characterized by:
I
. fast generational change
II
. short life cycle
III
. double fertilization
IV
. ability to modify vegetative organs
V
. independence of fertilization from water
a) I, II, III
b) I, II, IV
c) III, IV, V
D) I, II, III, IV, V.
- The bone cartilage includes
:
I . stellate sturgeon
II . stingrays +
III . sterlet
IV . beluga +
V . anchovy
a) I, II, III, IV
b) I, III, V
c) II, III, V
d) II, IV, V. + - The general degeneration of animals is characterized by:
- The movement of blood through the vessels of the lower body depends on
:
I . blood plasma viscosity
II . myocardial contraction force
III . pressure difference between chest and abdomen
IV . diaphragm contraction force
V . skeletal muscle contractions
a) I, II, III, V;
b) III, IV, V;
c) I, III, V;
d) I, II, III, IV, V - The features of the synthetic period in the cell life cycle are
I . low content of proteins and ribosomes
II . activation of the synthesis of RNA molecules +
III . energy deficit
IV . DNA replication +
V . activation of histone synthesis
a) II, III, IV;
b) II, IV; V ;
c) I, II, III, IV;
d) II, III, IV, V.
- In an oak forest, as an ecosystem of a broad-leaved forest:
I . short food chains
II . soil rich in humus
III . high biological productivity
IV . variety of species
V . decomposer deficiency
a) I, II, III, V;
b) I, III, V
c) II, III, IV
d) III, IV, V - According to the law of purity of gametes
I . gametes are hybrid
II . gametes contain only the dominant allele
III . gametes contain only the recessive allele
IV . gametes contain only one allele
V . heredity is discrete
a) I, II, V;
b) I, IV, V;
c) II, III, V;
d) IV, V. - The idioadaptations of birds include
:
I . warm-bloodedness +
II . the presence of feathers
III . the presence of a tarsus
IV . the presence of a keel +
V . ovarian reduction
a) I, II, IV; +
b) I, II, III, IV;
c) II, IV, V;
d) II, III, IV, V. - Bacterial DNA is characterized
:
I . contact with the plasma membrane
II
. cyclic form
III
.
chromatin complex with proteins
IV
.
few genes
V
.
the presence of regulatory regions that control structural genes
a) III, IV, V;
b) I, II, IV
c) III, V
d) II, III, V.
IV
. consumers
V
. decomposers
a) II, III, IV, V;
b) I, IV;
c) I, II, III, V;
d) I, II, III, IV, V.
Part III . You are offered test tasks in the form of judgments, with each of which you must either agree or reject. In the response matrix, indicate the answer option "yes" or "no". The maximum number of points that can be scored is 25.
- In lower plants, all types of gametogamy are observed.
- The submembrane complex consists of a glycocalyx.
- Sweat glands are located in the epidermis of the skin.
- Heterochromatin is a genetically inactive region of chromatin.
- Marine coelenterates alternate between polyploid (sexual) and medusoid (asexual) generations. +
The inheritance of cytoplasmic genes does not follow Mendelian laws.
Growth, one of the signs of life, is a reversible process.
Haploid gametophytes and seed plant gametes are formed during mitosis.
Bacteria that form spores are called bacilli.
In representatives of the intestinal type, only cavitary digestion is observed.
The emergence of warm-bloodedness is the most important aromorphosis of the Permian period of the Paleozoic.
Vitamins B6 and B12 are formed in human intestinal cells.
The biochemical unity of living organisms is the result of stabilizing selection.
The light and dark processes of photosynthesis are spatially separated in the cell.
The first division of meiosis is equalizing, the second is reduction.
Polyembryony is characteristic of humans. +
Foraminifera are an integral part of the plankton and benthos of freshwater reservoirs.
Cloning provides genetic identification of offspring.
The variety of cabbage is the result of natural selection.
Gene activity can be regulated by chromatin compaction.
The main systematic criteria for different flowering families are differences in the structure of vegetative organs.
Tropism is a directed growth movement of plant organs caused by the unilateral action of some stimulus.
In the development cycle of malarial plasmodium, only multiple division occurs.
Sphincters formed by smooth muscles are involuntary.
The redox function of living matter is realized in the process of respiration, chemosynthesis, and photosynthesis.
Part IV . You are offered test tasks that require compliance. The maximum number of points that can be scored is 13. Fill in the answer matrices in accordance with the requirements of the tasks.
- These groups of insects include the following representatives:
2. bears
3. midges
4. praying mantis
5. ant
6. horsefly A. Diptera
B. Orthoptera.
B. hymenoptera
- . Match the laws (1–5) with the scientists who established them (A-D).
2. Law of homologous series
3. Law of irreversibility of evolution
4. The law of change of phases of evolution
5. Laws of complexity of the organization of organisms A. Severtsev A.N.
B. Roulier C.F.
V. Vavilov N.I.
G. Dollo L.
D. Vernadsky V.I.
- Establish a correspondence between the outer covers and representatives of the classes of vertebrates.
2. Horny scales
3. Bone scales
4. Horn feathers
5. Hairline A. Straus
B. lizard
V. Bear
G. Karp
D. Stingrays
Set the sequence of stages of geographical speciation (1 - 5)
Establish a correspondence between aromorphoses (1 - 5) and the emergence of new systematic groups of organisms in evolution (A - E).
2. Emergence of archegonium and antheridium
3. Occurrence of halide endosperm
4. The emergence of tissues
5. Emergence of triploid endospermA. Department Gymnosperms
B. Department of Angiosperms
V. Odel Moss
D. Subkingdom Lower plants
D. Subkingdom higher plants
Aromorphosis | |||||
Systematic group |
Answers to the tasks of the municipal stage
All-Russian Olympiad for Schoolchildren in Biology.
2015/16 academic year year. Grade 11
Exercise 1.
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| 21-30 | ||||||||||
| 31-40 | ||||||||||
| 41-50 | ||||||||||
| 51-60 |
Task 2.
| 1-10 |
Task 3.
rights. "YES" | |||||||||||||||
wrong "no" | |||||||||||||||
rights. "YES" | |||||||||||||||
wrong "no" |
Task 4.
[max. 3 points]
| Aromorphosis | |||||
| Systematic group |
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1 TASKS of the municipal stage of the XXIX All-Russian Olympiad for schoolchildren in biology. Moscow region year 8th grade Part I. You are offered tests that require you to choose only one answer out of four possible. The maximum number of points that can be scored is 30 (1 point for each test task). The index of the answer that you consider the most complete and correct, indicate in the answer matrix. 1. The figure shows an example of the manifestation of an important life property: a) development; b) reproduction; in motion; d) growth. 2. The object of biological research, shown in the figure on the right, refers to: a) bacteria; b) mushrooms; c) plants; d) animals. 3. The antibiotic penicillin was first obtained from: a) cap fungus; b) yeast; c) mold fungus; d) ergot pathogen. 4. The sexual generation of the fern develops from: a) spores; b) zygotes; c) sperm; d) eggs. 5. The variety of color of the body of algae is caused by: a) the characteristics of reproduction; b) disguise; c) the need to attract animals; d) adaptation to photosynthesis. 6. The conditions necessary for seed germination are: a) air, light, heat; b) heat, water, air; c) light, air, water; d) light, heat, water. 7. The figure shows a diagram of a flower, which corresponds to the formula: a) P 5 L (5) T P 1; b) H 5 L (5) T P; c)..h 5 L 5 T P 1; d) H 5 L 5 T P.
2 Biology, ME_MO 2013, Grade 8 2 8. Cork refers to tissue: a) conductive; b) integumentary; c) educational; d) storage. 9. The fruit of a watermelon is: a) a polydrupe; b) berry; c) multi-seeded box; d) pumpkin. 10. The figure shows an effective agricultural technique: a) pinching; b) mulching; c) picking; d) tying up. 11. When stored in a warm room, potatoes quickly wrinkle, because in it: a) the process of photosynthesis takes place; b) organic matter accumulates; c) the process of breathing is intensively carried out; d) it produces the toxic substance solanine and hormones. 12. In the composition of the root system of an adult potato plant, roots can be found by origin: 1 - main, 2 - lateral, 3 - adventitious: a) only 1, 2; b) only 1, 3; c) only 2, 3; d) 1, 2, Flower formula OK 6 T 6 P 1 is typical for the family: a) nightshade; b) cereals; c) lily; d) moth (legume). 14. A common feature of gymnosperms and angiosperms is: a) development from spores; b) the presence of a flower; c) development from seed; d) sporophyte reduction. 15. Flatworms (Plathelminthes) have muscles: a) only longitudinal; b) longitudinal and annular; c) only ring; d) longitudinal, annular and diagonal. 16. Undigested food residues in flat ciliary worms (class Turbellaria) are excreted through: a) anus; b) mouth opening; c) powder; d) nephridia. 17. Siphon is a tubular organ that performs various functions, found in aquatic mollusks: a) bivalves; b) gastropods;
3 Biology, ME_MO 2013, grade 8 3 c) cephalopods; d) all of the above groups. 18. Among the listed mollusks, the filter by way of feeding is: a) grape snail; b) rapana; c) tridacna; d) cuttlefish. 19. Among arachnids (class Arachnoidea), live birth occurs in some: a) spiders; b) salpug; c) scorpions; d) ticks. 20. Butterfly caterpillars have: a) three pairs of pectoral legs; b) three pairs of thoracic legs and five pairs of abdominal false legs; c) eight pairs of false legs; d) no limbs. 21. The figure shows various representatives of arachnids. The number of pairs of walking legs in a haymaker is: a) 3; b) 4; at 6; d) is not hallmark for arthropods: a) jointed limbs with joints; b) chitinous cover; c) breathing with the entire surface of the body; d) segmental structure of the body. 23. The larval stage of development is always absent in molluscs: a) cephalopods; b) bivalve; c) gastropods; d) armored. 24. Vessels in vertebrates move: a) hemolymph; b) tissue fluid; c) blood; d) water with substances dissolved in it. 25. The heart of a crocodile in its structure: a) three-chambered with an incomplete septum in the ventricle; b) three-chamber;
4 Biology, ME_MO 2013, grade 8 4 c) four-chamber; d) four-chamber with a hole in the septum between the ventricles. 26. Australian weed chickens laid eggs: a) incubate themselves; b) put in the nests of other species; c) buried in a pile of rotting leaves; d) left on a surface heated by the sun. 27. Among the reptiles eardrum absent in: a) crocodiles; b) snakes; c) turtles; d) lizards. 28. Does the lancelet have a skull and brain? a) there is a skull, no brain; b) no skull, no brain; c) there is no skull, there is a brain; d) larvae do not, but adult animals have both. 29. The variety of sizes and shapes of the cells of the human body can be explained by: a) a variety chemical elements the structures that form them; b) a variety of organic substances that make up their composition; c) the specifics of their functions in a multicellular organism; d) the specifics of placement in the structures of organs. 30. Type of tissue, which is characterized by a minimum content of intercellular substance: a) epithelial; b) connecting; c) muscular; d) nervous. Part II. You are offered test tasks with one answer option out of four possible, but requiring a preliminary multiple choice. The maximum number of points that can be scored is 10 (2 points for each test item). The index of the answer that you consider the most complete and correct, indicate in the answer matrix. 1. Brown algae include 1) kelp, 2) anfeltia, 3) fucus, 4) cladophora, 5) porphyry: a) 1, 3; b) 2, 3, 4; c) 1.5; d) 2, 3, 4, 5; e) 1, 2, 3, 4. Modifications of the shoot include 1) potato tubers, 2) dahlia tubers, 3) Jerusalem artichoke tubers, 4) sweet potato tubers, 5) lily bulbs: a) 1, 2, 4; b) 1, 3, 5; c) 2, 3, 5; d) 2, 3, 4, 5; e) 1, 2, 3, 4 Insects of the order Lepidoptera (Lepidóptera) at different stages of development are characterized by mouthparts 1) gnawing, 2) sucking, 3) licking, 4) piercing-sucking, 5) lapping: a) only 1 , 2; b) only 2, 3;
5 Biology, ME_MO 2013, grade 8 5 c) only 1, 3, 4; d) only 2, 4, 5; e) 1, 2, 4. Halteres present in Diptera insects (order Diptera) are an organ of 1) hearing, 2) spatial orientation, 3) sound communication, 4) balance, 5) touch: a) 1, 2, 3 ; b) 1, 2, 4; c) 2, 3, 4; d) 2, 3, 5; e) 3, 4, The following signs are characteristic of amphibians: 1) there is only pulmonary respiration, 2) the presence Bladder, 3) the excretion product is uric acid, 4) molting is characteristic of adults, 5) the absence chest: a) 1, 2, 5; b) 2, 3, 4; c) only 2, 5; d) only 3, 4; e) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. Part 3. You are offered test tasks in the form of judgments, with each of which you must either agree or reject. In the response matrix, indicate the answer option "yes" or "no". The maximum number of points that can be scored is 10 (1 point for each test task). 1. Bacteria can be unicellular or multicellular organisms. 2. With the help of roots, lichens absorb water. 3. The main water reserves in plant cells are in plastids. 4. Falling off, the outer scales of the kidney leave kidney rings. 5. In marine unicellular organisms, the excretory vacuole contracts more often than in freshwater ones. 6. The structure of the eye in cephalopods is similar to the structure of the eye in vertebrates. 7. The neural tube in chordates is always located above the chord. 8. Crocodiles and turtles don't shed. 9. Birds have a well-developed forebrain and cerebellum. 10. It is better to exclude cholesterol from the human diet, since no regulatory compounds are synthesized from it.
6 Biology, ME_MO 2013, Grade 8 6 Part 4. You are offered test items that require compliance. The maximum number of points that can be scored is 5.5. Complete the answer matrices as required by the assignments. Task 1. [max. 3 points] Consider the drawing, which shows plants characteristic of coniferous (A) and broad-leaved forests (B): 1 broad-leaved bell, 2 oak anemone, 3 common podelnik, 4 medicinal veronica, 5 common oxalis, 6 perennial hawkweed. Match each plant with the type of forest in which it can be found. Plants Forest type Task 2. [max. 2.5 points] Determine the correct sequence of root zones in the direction from the apex to its base: A division zone; B zone of differentiation; In the zone of holding and branching; G suction zone; D zone of active growth or stretching: Sequence Indices
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